Within the separation-individuation phase, there are four substages. Match the following Sub stages with corresponding description.
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Infants gain awareness that they are separate from their mother—the infant’s attention shifts from inwardly to outward.
Infant crawls and walks freely, explores actively, and distances from mother. Often looks for mom to feel safe. Mother serves as a point of reference or home base.
Infant desires to be independent. Infant moves away from mother and returns regularly to make sure she is still present.
The infant can cope with the absence of their mother (i.e., during school/ daycare, etc.) Child sees their mother as a separate individual from themselves.
Differentiation/Hatching Substage (5 months to 9 months)
Practicing Substage (9 months to 14 months)
Rapprochement Substage (14 months to 24 months)
Object Constancy Substage (24 months to 3 years)
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